House of Sand and Fog

When people are deprived from the things which are significant for them they are inclined to use all the opportunities to return these things or the previous stability. The house can be such an object which symbolizes stability and security for a person. In the book House of Sand and Fog, Andre Dubus presents the discussion of the problem of stability, justice, and dream with references to the conflict between Kathy Lazaro and Colonel Behrani.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on House of Sand and Fog specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main characters who take the opposite positions have their assistants to help them in resolving the conflict. If Colonel Behrani’s actions are based on the support of his family, Kathy Lazaro has the supporter in the figure of Deputy Sheriff Lester Burdon. The controversial and rather shameful relationships between Kathy Lazaro and Lester Burdon depend on the fact that these ch aracters have a lot of similar features in their attitudes to the life situations. It is important for Kathy to feel the support and assistance in her struggle for the house. Burdon provides the poor woman with the necessary help and reflects her attitude to the situation. Thus, Kathy is inclined to say about Burdon, â€Å"He reminded me of me† (Dubus 90). It is possible to discuss the statement from the perspective of Kathy’s attitude and from the point of general similarities between two characters. Kathy sees Burdon as a man who tries to help her and shares her frustration because of the legal injustice which Kathy has to experience. Moreover, it is something elusive in the life backgrounds of these persons which make them understand each other. In addition to this, Kathy feels that Burdon is ready to fight for the idea like she is ready to overcome all the obstacles to return the house that is the only thing which is important for her now. Nevertheless, the readers can pay more attention to the similarities in Kathy and Burdon’s behaviors while discussing the characters without references to Kathy’s vision of Burdon. It is possible to state that Burdon can remind Kathy. These two characters have their own opinions on the concept of responsibility, morality, and justice which are rather similar. Kathy is irresponsible in relation to all her life regarding the drug addiction and ignoring letters from the authorities which explain the problems with the house. Burdon is irresponsible in relation to doing his work and representing the law and in his relations with the wife and children (Dubus). Kathy and Burdon can cross the boundaries without references to the questions of morality and duty. That is why, Kathy can discuss Burdon as the person who is close to her in the visions and ideals. Admitting the fact that Burdon reminds Kathy of herself, the woman states that she has a lot of similar features with Burdon, she considers him as a supporter and assistant, she can rely on him as on herself. It is possible to find the parallels between the actions and behaviors of Kathy and Burdon because of their similar visions of the problem’s roots and ways to solve it.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this point, Burdon is the mirror for Kathy, and this mirror reminds the woman about her difficulties and inner conflicts. As a result, Kathy is ready to start the strange and disgraceful relationships with Burdon in order to find a kind of security. Works Cited Dubus, Andre. House of Sand and Fog. USA: W. W. Norton Company, 2011. Print. This essay on House of Sand and Fog was written and submitted by user Punisher to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Marijuanas history in the United States Essays

Marijuanas history in the United States Essays Marijuanas history in the United States Essay Marijuanas history in the United States Essay Marijuanas history in the United States dates back to its colonization. In fact many prominent historical American figures such as George Washington and Thomas Jefferson have grown marijuana on plantations. This was mostly for the plants fiber known as hemp. Although in Washingtons case there are suspicions of weather or not he was growing for personal use as well (Andrews p. 403). But even with our presidents growing pot it was still largely unknown as a drug of abuse until the early 1940s when it was becoming popular among famous jazz musicians such as Miles Davis, and Charlie Mingus, and due to the fact that most jazz musicians who were using marijuana in this time period were black, white America saw it as a low class black mans drug. (www. erowid. org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_timeline. php3). This led to white America launching what is known as the Reefer Madness campaign. A propaganda campaign built on lies and hearsay such as, marijuana smokers, or dope fiends as the Reefer Madness films referred to them, are deviant criminals who will murder you in the street for drug money (Andrews p. 229). The campaign seemed to be working during the 40s and 50s because marijuana was still largely unknown to middle America, but in the 60s marijuana use came back in a big way with young college students, hippies, and popular musicians (Earleywine p. 295). This led people to see the truth about marijuana. That it is relatively harmless and can be used safely for recreation. Which brings us to today and the debate about whether or not marijuana should be legalized. Today in the United States Marijuana is classified as a DEA schedule I drug in all of its forms. A drug that is classified as DEA schedule I is a drug that has a high potential for abuse, has no accepted medial use in treatment in the united states, and has a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug under medical supervision. This federal scheduling was disputed in 1988 by judge Francis Young, an administrative law judge for the DEA, who recommended that marijuana be re-classified as schedule II on the grounds that if a respectable minority of doctors endorse it then it has a currently accepted medical use. (www. erowid. org/psychoactives/law). But even with the efforts of people like Judge Young, the United States is known for having fairly harsh marijuana penalties. In Britain marijuana is schedule I class B, and on July 10th 2002 was moved from class B to class C due to the British home secretary David Blunkett. Now in Britain simple possession is treated on a simple seize and warn basis. After making the decision to downgrade marijuanas scheduling Blunkett said that Cannabis is a potentially harmful drug and should remain illegal. However, it is not comparable with crack, heroin, or ecstasy. A greater differentiation between drugs which kill and drugs that cause harm is both scientifically justified and educationally sensible. (www. guardian. co. uk/drugs/story/0,2763,580507,00. html). Since this move towards decriminalization the United Kingdoms street crime numbers have been cut in half. The numbers of robberies and muggings in southern London have fallen nearly 50 percent. And in the Lambeth borough police reported 468 robberies and muggings in April as compared with the 916 last October (www. norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5309). Canada is another country that is making steps toward decriminalization. On September 4 2002 members of a special Senate committee unanimously urged Parliament to amend federal law to allow for the regulated use possession and distribution of marijuana for recreational use and medicinal purposes. The committee said in its 600 page report that Scientific evidence overwhelmingly indicates that cannabis is substantially less harmful than alcohol and should be treated not as a criminal issue but as a social and public health issue Whether or not an individual uses marijuana should be a personal choice that is not subject to criminal penalties. [Therefore,] we have come to the conclusion that, as a drug, it should be regulated by the state much as we do for wine and beer, hence our preference for legalization over decriminalization. ( norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5405). The researchers believe that marijuana prohibition poses a greater risk to health that marijuana use. They said in their report that We believe that the continued prohibition of cannabis jeopardizes the health and well-being of Canadians much more then does the substance itself or the regulated market of the substance. In addition, we believe that the continued criminalization of cannabis undermines the fundamental values set out in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Canada has also seen a drop in serious crime as a result of lax marijuana enforcement over the past decade. So if decriminalizing pot in other countries has worked than why cant it work in the United States. Studies show that Marijuana is safer then cigarettes and alcohol ( norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5405), and that decriminalization will allow law enforcement agencies to concentrate their efforts on more serious problems, and will generate more money for the economy. Studies show that the health issues that marijuana raises are actually less hazardous then cigarettes. Studies also show that marijuana is not a gateway drug, it does not lead to the commission of crime, and that users are not likely to become dependent. One study also showed that it is easier for underage teens to obtain pot then tobacco ( norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5386) despite the fact that tobacco is targeted at adolescents (Shepard, Greene p. 213). This shows that our nations drug war is failing and that our resources need to be targeted elsewhere. Canadian justice minister agrees with this statement saying that If you look at the system [America] has in place, keeping marijuana criminal is not very efficient, police currently spend too much time and resources prosecuting marijuana offenders. ( norml. org/index. cfm?Group_ID=5350). Legalizing marijuana would also have positive effects as well. A Nevada proposal to regulate and tax marijuana use by adults would raise an additional $28. 6 million in annual state revenue, according to a study by the Center for Business and Economic Research at the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV). The Center based its financial calculations by estimating that 75,000 people five percent of the states population would use an average of 12 grams of marijuana per month. The Center imposed the same tax rate on marijuana that already exists on tobacco products (norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5439). In conclusion marijuana should be legalized in the United States for not only medicinal but recreational use as well. The evidence makes it obvious that marijuana is not dangerous and can make our country better if we legalize it. The appointees in the Shaffer commission knew it when they recommended the decriminalization of pot to President Nixon in 72 (www. erowid. org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_timeline. php3), Jimmy Carter knew it when he endorsed the decriminalization of marijuana in 77, and now you know it.

The last financial crisis 2007-2009 Research Paper

The last financial crisis 2007-2009 - Research Paper Example The economic crisis was associated with great losses of financial wealth, economic output, increased government interventions, psychological consequences among other significant costs. This paper will assess the extent to which the Qatar and other countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council were affected by the financial crisis. Impact of the Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 on the Gulf Area Introduction This paper aims at studying the impact of the global financial crisis of 2007-2009 on the countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), or the Gulf Area. The Gulf Area is an economic and political Union of Arab states around the Persian Gulf including Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman, The United Arab emirates and Qatar. The cooperation was established in 1981 to foster unity and trade and cooperation among the member states. The Gulf Area consists of the fastest growing economies mostly due to the revenues gotten from huge deposits of natural resources such as oil and natural gas. T his paper will largely be based on the impact of the global financial crisis on the economy of Qatar with some examples drawn from the other countries in the Gulf area. Petroleum is the backbone of Qatar’s economy and accounts for about 70% of the countries revenues (Read, 2009). The GDP of Qatar ranks among the robust in the world and it has become a major player in the global economy from the region. This essay will try at analyze the impact of the global financial crisis on the economy of Qatar as well as its reaction to the crisis as well as how the other countries in the Gulf were affected. The main objective of this essay will be to answer the question as to how the last financial crisis (2007-2009) affected the economic situation in the Gulf area. The economic crisis of 2007-2009 was associated with great losses of financial wealth, economic output, increased government interventions, psychological consequences among other significant costs (Read, 2009). Although the f inancial crisis began in the Western countries, its impact was felt across the world, with most economies feeling the impact. The crisis is deemed by most economists as the worst financial crisis ever since the Great Depression that befell in the 1930s. The 2007-2009 global financial crisis resulted in downturns in major stock markets across the world, and threatening the collapse of some of the largest financial institutions in major economies around the globe (Read, 2009). This resulted in government interventions to bail out banks and other financial institutions as well as big companies in order to protect the economy from collapsing. Some of the results of the financial crisis across the globe included massive prolonged unemployment, high interest rates, and housing crisis among others. The crisis also led to a reduction in global economic activities between 2007 and 2012 and played a major role in the debt Crisis in the European countries (Fried, 2012). The global financial cr isis has been attributed to various causes, mostly from the West. According to the U.S. Senate’s Levin-Coburn report, the financial crisis occurred as a result of complex, high risk financial products and cases of undisclosed conflicts of interests among different parties, as well as the inadequacy of proper regulators. Most critics have pointed out to the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act (1999) of the US as the origin of the financial

Need law specialised to write personal statements Essay

Need law specialised to write personal statements - Essay Example Most importantly, I believe in the Latin maxim fiat justitia et pereat mundus or let justice be done, though the world may perish. The study of law exists to educate people and their solicitors about the law and their rights and obligations. He who sleeps on or is ignorant of his rights risks being taken advantage of others.I wish to pursue a doctorate in the law that I may receive the best and most up to date and most advanced legal knowledge possible. I wish to achieve this so that I can be of greater service to my clients, my country and myself. Personal Statement (800 words) I have always dreamed of becoming a lawyer. Even when I was in the science section of the Al-Marefah Alahlyah school, I was already fascinated with the law. Our concentration in the natural sciences and the laws of science opened my mind to the belief that a higher learning of the real world can be achieved. Specifically, that a man can aspire to a greater understanding of human laws and how they govern our l ives, much in the same way that natural laws organize and govern the natural world. In both spheres, knowledge and insight is what enables leaders to gain predictable results and hence, harness natural and legal phenomena to our advantage. After secondary school, I went to the King Abdul-Aziz University to study law and it was there that I began to quench my thirst for legal knowledge. As a result of my earnest efforts in that school, I completed my Bachelor of Laws and became a lawyer. It was not long, however, before I aspired to expand my legal horizons. To do this, I went to England to obtain a Master’s degree in International Law and Financial markets at the prestigious University of East London. Having completed my Masters, I now wish to gain a Juris Doctor from your fine institution. One may well wonder why I desire to obtain a Doctorate so soon after I received my Masteral degree. My answer to this is that I want to become a successful lawyer in an ever-changing world . I believe that, in order to accomplish this, I must constantly educate myself in the best institutions. I believe that complacency is the root of decay and that my hard-won knowledge of the law must be constantly enhanced with new learning and further study. Otherwise, my legal skills may become obsolete or outdated to the great detriment of my practice. Besides, I am still hungry for more knowledge of the law and greater expertise thereat. I believe that a Doctorate from the nation that gave mankind the rule of law is the proper avenue to expand my mastery of certain topics in the law. After all the study of law is a continuing process and one should never be fully satisfied with his level of mastery in any subject in the law. The desire to have greater knowledge of the law also has a practical aspect in my duty as a member of the bar and a Solicitor striving for the benefit of my clients. Bad legal advice is worse than no legal advice at all because the client would have been le d to think that he had received good advice and will follow it only to find out later that it was wrong. I do not want to someday hand out bad advice because of a deficiency in my mastery of the law. After all, ignorance of the law excuses no one and it would certainly look very bad if I was to lose a case or file an improper case simply because I lacked knowledge about a particular topic. A Doctorate from your institution will allow me to impart what I have learned to peers and

Greenhouse gas emissions and price elasticity of transport fuel demand Essay

Greenhouse gas emissions and price elasticity of transport fuel demand in Belgium - Essay Example The policy of increase in fuel tax by the Belgian government is taken into consideration in this article. The paper seeks to find the impact of an increase in fuel taxes on the consumption of fuels by estimating the price elasticity of fuel demand. Backdrop of the article The Kyoto protocol, named after the Japanese city, is an international agreement concluded in 1997, aimed at the reduction of the accumulated greenhouse gas emissions of the developed nations and lessening the intensity of global warming1. Since the start of negotiations on Kyoto Protocol, Belgian government adapted an ambitious position in the climate regime in the European as well as in the international level2.Belgium has also participated in the targets of reducing the greenhouse emission and has been successful overall in cutting down the intensity of emission by the importance of nuclear energy. But the intensity of emission is high in some sectors like heavy industry residential heating. But severe instances of emission are found to be generated in a rigorous basis from the road transport sector in Belgium which represents 20% of the all Green house gas emission3. Belgium is a small country in the respect that it is a price taker of the fuel prices in the international market as its demand has little or no effect on the international oil price. So the supply curve faced by Belgium can be thought to be infinitely elastic. Thus a change in the tax structure of the country is directly and fully gets reflected on the domestic prices and the quantity (fuel consumption) is directly related with the price elasticity of demand for fuels. Thus the prime parameter on which the quantity that is the fuel consumption depends in this case can be considered to be price elasticity of demand of fuels and thus we will analyze its impact with the help of theoretical understandings. Elasticity of demand Before moving into the realms of the topic in consideration it is necessary to clearly understand the co ncept of elasticity of demand. The elasticity of demand refers to the degree of responsiveness of quantity demanded of a commodity to a change in any of its determinants viz, price of the commodity, price of other commodities and income of the consumers. But in this paper we are only concerned with the price elasticity of demand4. Price elasticity of demand â€Å"The price elasticity of demand measures the sensitivity of the quantity demanded to changes in the price†5. In other words it is a measure of how much a quantity demanded of a commodity changes when its price changes. Mathematically the price elasticity of demand can be represented as the ratio of the percentage change in the quantity demanded of a commodity to a given change in price. Thus, Where, = Price elasticity of demand, = Change in quantity, =Change in quantity demanded6. Fig.1 In the above diagram the initial price was P0 and the quantity demanded was Q0. When price rose to P1 the quantity demanded falls to Q1 following the law of demand which states that for a normal commodity as price increases the quantity demanded falls as a result. In the diagram, the gap and the gap . Different types of price elasticity of demand The numerical value of price elasticity of demand varies from zero to infinity. In terms of its numerical value (i.e, degree of elasticity), there are generally five types kinds of price elasticity of demand. A. Perfectly Inelastic demand When the quantity demanded of a commodity does not respond to the change in its price, then the elasticity of demand is said to be perfectly inelastic demand. The numerical value of inelastic demand is zero7. Fig. 2 In the above diag

Part Gender Discrimination Plays In Career Development Sociology Essay

Part Gender Discrimination Plays In Career Development Sociology Essay As defined by Ambassador, F. J, Gender is a concept that refers to a system of roles and relationships between women and men that are determined, not by biology but by the social, political and economic context. The socially determined differences between men and women are referred to as gender, whilst the biologically determined characteristics are referred to as sex. An important distinction between gender and sex is all that women and men do, and all that is expected of them, apart from their distinct sexual function (child bearing and breast feeding, provision of sperm, impregnation) which changes with time and varied social and cultural factors (Ambassador F. J. B, 2007). As defined by Wikipedia on the other hand, Discrimination is a sociological term referring to the treatment taken towards or against a person of a certain group in consideration based solely on class or category. It refers to the actual behaviour portrayed by an individual, group of individuals or society towards another. And basically involves the denial of one group from opportunities and rights that are available to other groups. There are varied forms of discrimination, but any form of discrimination involves the exclusion of one group from the other Wikipedia, The free encyclopaedia, (http;//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrimination). Determined patterns of behaviour such as rights, obligations, and prerogatives assigned to females and males in society are referred to as gender roles. They differ with time, place and from one society to another. Gender roles are constructed on the stereotype such as; Men are better than women; Men are cleverer than women; Mens works are more valuable than womens work; Women are weak and dependent; Men are strong and independent; Furthermore, as culture is dynamic and socioeconomic situation change over time, so gender patterns change with them. What women and men do can radically changed as a result of war, famine or disaster. Gender does not address people but issues, issues such as relationships, roles, characteristics, differences and social expectations (Ambassador F. J. B, 2007, Abram, S. 2002). According to Ambassador F. J. B, (2007) , Gender issues in development concerns division of labour, inequality in access to resources, inputs and benefits. The questions to be asked are: Is there parity? Is access open to all? Is it close to some? Gender inequality is a development problem which refers to relations of power (between rich and poor, between women and men) that prevents equitable development and the participation of all. As a result, development moves at a slow pace, conflict, lack of interest, disunity, poor participation, opinion sharing becomes limited and there is a setback in society. The main concern about gender issues in development is the actions required to correct the imbalance between men and women. Gender issues are therefore not about womens participation or womens development per se. In the broader sense, they are about addressing imbalance in society. It is an important planning tool. The gender analysis of who does what or who controls what can assist p lanners in closing the gender gap since in planning the issue at stake is that of power relationship or power sharing (Ambassador F. J. B, 2007, Abram, S. 2002) . According to Ambassador F. J. B, (2007), a gender perspective looks not at women alone but at the relationship between women and men and how societies are structure along gender lines. It is concerned with: Womens involvement concerns, needs and aspirations as well as those for men; The impact of policies, plans and projects on women, men and children; Assessing to who the benefits accrue and in what ways, Financial and other qualitative and quantitative benefits may be assessed; The whole process of gender planning. According to Stuart Malkin, gender discrimination as the name implies, is a form of bias that is hurtful and to a great extent, it is as destructive as any other form of bias. In his Ezine article, Stuart Malkin stated that women and men are not created equal; they each have their God given strengths, focused on their responsibilities for procreation and family viability . These differences according to him are difficult to dismiss but are certainly not the cause for gender discrimination in the workplace in particular and society in general (http;//enzinearticle.com/?Gende-Bias-GenderDiscrimination-Gender-Equalityid=14755). Discrimination on the other is defined by Wikipedia as a term generally used by sociologists to refer to the treatment taken towards or against a person of a certain group in consideration based solely on class or category. It refers to a behaviour pattern portrayed by one group which involves excluding or restricting other group members from opportunities available them. There are various forms of discrimination, but all forms a virtually speaking the same language of rejection or exclusion (Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia (http;//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrimination) 1.2 Statement of the problem. Women form the largest single sector of the population in the United Kingdom but yet form the minority group in the attainment of leadership roles in the labour force. For decades, women across the board have been battling against inequality between men in a bid to bridge the labour force gap, and yet face some form of gender discrimination in the workplace that limit their challenge to attain higher level management roles. The perception about womens recognition were based on stereotypical assumptions and prejudice such as; womens achievement was to a great extent attributed to luck or effort rather than the ability to perform, men are cleaver than women; Men are strong and independent; Women are weak and dependent; and a vast majority of people had the notion that child bearing and house maintenance are predominantly a womans social roles and responsibilities. Such perceived assumptions resulted to the vast majority of competent women that have excellence potential to stagnate in j ob assignments that lack challenge. Moreover, unlike men, women over the years have limited legal, political and economic rights which largely increased their dependency on men for financial and other means of support (Lyness and Thomson, 1997). However, with the advent of equal employment opportunity legislations and the formation of the Gender and career Development-UK, and the Equal Opportunity Commissions to enforce and implement these legislations in practice and promote equal opportunity, womens rights are now protected by law against any form of discrimination in the work place that tend to limit or restrict their aspirations and career advancement opportunities as well as enabling them to overcome prejudice. Even though women to a certain extent have experienced a positive change in their social status due to employment equality legislations and law enforcement, there is certainty among women as well as the ethnic minority that discrimination and inequality still exist in some form. A good number of women and ethnic minority group face artificial barriers in establishments that deter them from making the best use of their knowledge, skills and abilities to ascend the career lather. Unlike men, there is considerable number of occupations or positions that appeared impossible for women to attain. Therefore, the vast majority of women in the UK labour force are represented in middle and low managerial positions with less decision making, whilst senior level management and important decision making positions are held by men. It is because of this gender gap and imbalance in society that has brought the idea to investigate about the eminent barriers that prevent women from career advancement. 1.3 The Purpose of the Study This research study is an attempt to examine the part gender discrimination play in career development; a case study of maternity returners in the UK legal Profession. Therefore in this research study, career development in maternity returners is being evaluated and compared with the career development in men. From the aspect of career development in maternity returners in the UK legal profession especially in the area of promotion, the present literature suggests an incomplete attempt to identify and resolve the barriers women face in career development in the workplace. Therefore, this research study is an attempt to bridge those gaps in the present literature regarding the obstacles (barriers) women especially maternity returners experience within the UK legal profession. Successful identification and examination of these barriers will form a unique benchmark for recommendation in order to create a viable society that is discrimination free and thus create a frame work for career development of maternity returners in the UK legal profession. Research studies conducted by Killham et al (2005) concluded that present day organisations recognise the importance of developing women leaders for the twenty first century (Killhan, Hookah, and McCarty, 2005). ONeill (2005) highlighted that for any organisation to thrive and succeed in the future depends largely on their success in helping women leaders succeed. Although there appeared to be an increase in the proportion of women in the labour force according to Killham et al, 2005, an attempt to hire and retain this accelerating pool of talent requires the ability of organisations to identify and mitigate the potential threats women face in these establishments, and the ability of these establishments to meet the developmental needs of the said talent pool. A greater dexterity is achieved in every particular staff in establishments that target and successfully develop this increasing pool of talent, and hence achieve a comparative advantage over other establishments in attracting and retaining highly skilled and talented staff (killham, Hookhah, and McCarty, 2005). Recent research with regards to the glass ceiling suggested that Gender discrimination in career development have negative implications in the development of society in general and organisations in particular (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_ceiling). Although issues surrounding gender discrimination has been a part of the UK government and organisational policies and are tackled with unique legislations within the frame work of developing future leaders, research targeting the barriers to career development of maternity returners in the UK legal profession are yet to be examined and addressed. The findings from the investigation of the barriers to career development of maternity returners in the UK legal profession will serve to mitigate the rising problems of women stagnating in lower managerial positions (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_ceiling). The gap in the research related to across gender relationships, which is typical of an organisation such as the UK legal profession where the vast majority of the senior positions are held by males, prompted the need to examine the specific limitations that deter women (maternity returners) from attaining senior positions as their male counterpart. The study seeks to fill some of the major gaps in the present literature by providing a frame work that addresses the barriers to career development in women, especially maternity returners. 1.4 Significance of the study The significance of this research study can be viewed based on the following reasons; There is a minute fraction of women in leadership positions that can be looked upon as role models. The conduct of this research study is to assist the UK legal profession in achieving better organisational performance through the reduction or otherwise elimination of gender discrimination barriers in order to enable women attain their desired objectives. Women to a great extent are playing a vital and diverse role within the UK legal profession. 1.5 Objectives of the study The ultimate objective of the present study is to investigate the likelihood of women to gain promotion on return from maternity. The immediate objectives are as follows; To examine the frequency of promotion; To examine potential barriers to development; To examine the utility of gender based initiatives; To examine justice perception. To evaluate the quality of work ; To examine the skills and qualifications acquired; To examine the length of service; To examine employee development and gender discrimination; 1.6 Justification of the Study 1.6.1 Lost Productivity: In an establishment where gender discrimination is prevalent, there is every tendency for competent employees with excellent potential to remain in-situ in non-challenging job positions. This to a great extent can lead to lost productivity and will result to the employee seeking for another job elsewhere. This to a great extent can lead to lost productivity and will result to the employee seeking for another job elsewhere. In most cases, the most competent employees are denied of adequate training, not considered for promotions and are denied of raises based on gender. The employees that face this type of discrimination often become dissatisfied and hence in most cases result in lost productivity. On a daily bases, employees who feel they are less appreciated or inadequately compensated will not give their best to the job but may rather spend paid work time on unrelated job activities like gossiping with co-workers about labour practices that seem unfair or j ob hunting, to name but a few. When employees feel they are been discriminated against at work, and are unable to find an immediate positive remedy, can increase their anxiety, increase dependence or result to substance abuse and cause depression. Company sick leave increase as a result, and can cause work to be limited and hence result to lost productivity (Julia, F, 2010). 1.6.2 Trained Personnel Leave: If trained and competent personnel do not see growth opportunities, they will eventually leave the company, thereby creating a void or gap that needs to be filled. Though employees are replaceable, it requires time and money to train one. Moreover, it requires a great deal of time to enable a new employee to develop a level of efficiency or productivity that is equal to that held by a previous experienced employee. By having to spend this additional time and money to train and develop new employees means lost production and increased work hours, and hence the profit potential of the company is reduced (Julia, F, 2010). 1.6.3 Decreased Profits: Lawsuits, public chiding and sanctions may arise as a result of discrimination at workplace. Dealing with issues surrounding these lawsuits and sanctions may lead to a considerable drain in company resources. These drained resources are sometimes more than just monetary. Attending hearing sessions and working on negotiations may require experienced personnel which tend to take expertise away from the company leaving the gap either void or less qualified personnel may need to tentatively fill the gap and hence production is at stake. The company can lose customer confidence if lawsuits become public knowledge. There is every tendency that customers may result to taking their business elsewhere and highly qualified personnel may seek for jobs elsewhere. This will ultimately cause the company to lose potential profits (Julia, F, 2010). 1.6.4 Lack of Team Work: Gender discrimination can cause employees to have a different perception about the job and hence working together as a team becomes ineffective in the workplace. This is more so when an employee realises that there are differences (parity) in compensation with his co-employee who has less responsibility, and yet received a better compensation because of gender. When asked to work together on a team project, the employee being discriminated against may not give his or her best. As a result, the individuals expertise and abilities are lost (Julia, F, 2010). 1.7 Research Questions. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW The focus of this research study is an attempt to examine what part does gender discrimination play in career development? A case study of maternity returners in the United Kingdom legal profession. The literature in this research is focused entirely on two broad categories; viz-a-viz gender discrimination and career development; and how gender discrimination affect potential career attainment of employees in establishments in particular and society in general. Women across the board are been discriminated at various fronts. Even though a lot has been done to bridge the gap on gender discrimination through Government legislation and organisational policies, there is yet more to be investigated and resolved in order to achieve the desired impact in development. Gender Discrimination in career development and attainment of leadership roles is a major concern facing women in organisations in the United Kingdom; and is the principal factor that causes women over the years to lag behind in the advancement to higher levels in most organizations ( ). A lot of research has been done on gender discrimination and the effect it has on the development of society. These include a comparative study conducted by the gender and career development-UK 2005/6, and the glass ceiling effect that examined the issue of gender and carer development and examine the continuing restrictions or limitations to achieving equality of opportunity in career development in the United Kingdom. This was a labour force survey conducted by the National Office for statistics (Labour force Survey Table 19 http://www.statistics.gov.uk). This is reflected on the data illustrated in table 1. The data suggests that female employees are less likely to gain managerial positions due to reasons yet undiscovered which this case study is attempting to investigate. The data (on segregation and mobility) below is taken from the Labour Force Survey published by the National Office for Statistics. Table 1. All in employment by socio-economic classification (%) Total Higher Managerial Lower Managerial Intermediate Small employer and own business Lower supervisory Semi-routine Routine All 28,812 14.4 28.5 12.3 9.9 10.7 14.3 10 Male 15,524 18.8 24.7 6.2 13.6 14.2 10.5 12.2 Female 13,288 9.3 32.9 19.4 5.5 6.7 18.8 7.4 Source: Labour Force Survey Table 19 http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ (Extracted, Table 2. Part time and temporary workers by socio-economic classification. Total Higher Managerial % Lower Managerial % Intermediate % Small employer and own business % Lower supervisory % Semi-routine % Routine % All 7,324 5.9 21.9 17.3 9.1 6.1 26.7 13 Male 1,996 10 19.3 7.1 19 6.1 21.2 17.3 Female 5,655 4.9 22.5 19.7 6.7 6.1 28.1 12 Source: NOS Table 21 http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ The Gender and career development -UK is working with employers and professional institutes to tackle the structured barriers that tend to deter women from working in certain SET profession. The focus of recent research has been on the glass ceiling effect that impedes the career development of women in the attainment of leadership roles. The situation is referred to as ceiling as there is a limitation blocking upward advancement, and glass (transparent) because the limitation is not immediately apparent and is normally an unwritten and an unofficial policy. The current research study is an attempt to examine the part that gender discrimination play in career development; a case study of maternity returners in the legal profession (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_ceiling). However, a comprehensive research conducted by Kathrine et al (1979) discovered that in principle there appeared a clear path of promotion, but in reality women seem to face impeding factors that limit or retard their career development path. Most women in the labour force cultivated this concept of career development limiting factors, and refused to penetrate and progress beyond these limits. Some authors refer to this situation as the glass ceilin. It is called Ceiling because there appeared to be a limitation or barrier blocking career advancement, and glass (transparent) because the barrier is not immediately apparent and is normally and unwritten and unofficial policy. To a greater extent, this apparent barrier continues to exist in an invisible nature; and is mainly targeted at women in a bid to prevent them from acquiring jobs at the top level. Since it is unlawful to discriminate by any means such as this, organisations tend to avoid outlining job specifications based on gend er discrimination on job adverts as Equal Employment Opportunity laws deter organisations from discriminating as thus. However, establishments exercise career development discriminatory barriers in a form invisible to the target group and would not accept responsibility if suspected of such act of discrimination. In many cases, establishments tend to use indirect form of gender discriminations to justify their actions. This limiting barrier of glass ceiling deters a considerable number of women from reaching and securing potentially lucrative and prestigious jobs in the labour force. This apparent and invisible barrier to a greater extent instills the concept of women feeling inferior, unworthy and lacks the confidence to aspire and secure positions of high ranks. The author further noted that this invisible barrier gives women the feeling that their bosses do not take them seriously by all means or do not see them as potential candidates for jobs of greater responsibility (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_ceiling). However, Carly Fiorina proclaimed that there is nothing that appears like a glass ceiling that prevents women from reaching the top upon becoming Chief Executive Officer and chairwoman of the board of HP. Upon completion of her tenure in office, she called her earlier statement a dumb thing to say. In an article written by Rebecca Traister (The truth about Carly, 2009), gave the idea behind Carlys statement (dumb thing to say) meaning that women shouldnt fixate on an invisible barrier thats going to get their way, they should focus on possibilities. (http://www.salon.com/life/feature/2006/10/19/carly_fiorina). As the name implies, glass ceiling is a term that many schools of thought used to describe the perceived barrier to career development (advancement) in most employment establishments and government parastatals due to gender or sex discrimination. The Glass Ceiling Commission in the United States, a government-funded group, provided significant findings regarding the persistence in gender discrimination in the industrial sector and service company employment. The commission presented a statistical analysis in the above mentioned sector employment status. As cited by the commission Over half of all Masters degrees are now awarded to women, yet 95% of senior-level managers, of the top fortune 1000 industrial and 500 service companies are men. In that light the commission recommended a reverse discrimination in a bid to end this form of discrimination. The recommendations strictly reflect hiring and promotional decisions and must not be based on gender perspectives but rather on qualification and experience of employees (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_ceiling). In another development, the United Nations presented a comprehensive literature in 2006 on account of women and the glass ceiling. Significant findings from the said research study suggested that the rate at which women around the Globe attain leadership and decision making position remains far too slow, and the fortunate ones underwent a deal of struggle to penetrate and break through the glass ceiling. As cited by Rachel Mayanja (Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Gender Issues), The past ten years have seen the fastest growth in the number of women in parliaments, yet even at this rate, parity between women and men in parliaments will not be reached until 2040. (http://www.un.org/women.watch/daw/csw/50sess.htm), (http://www.un.org/women.watch/feature/iwd/2006/press releaseIWD8march.pdf). Ruderman et al provided an insight on how existing promotional norms can be investigated and challenged within organisations. His findings presented a comprehensive case analysis of decisions regarding promotion in an organisation.  This research study depicted cases where there  were some variations in the pattern of promotions of men and women.  As cited by Ruderman et al, one key difference was when decision makers spoke about promotions of men they often (75% of cases) mentioned a high level of comfort with the candidate.   For women the key issue was continuity where the person promoted should already have an intimate knowledge of part of the new job.   According to Ruderman et al, managers seem to have some amount of hesitation in promoting women as they require them to demonstrate personal strength, and being able to prove themselves extensively before a promotion is made.   Men on the other hand are less likely to have their promotion accounted for in terms of fam iliarity with job responsibilities. Conger, S. (2002) provided a justifiable argument for the formation of a career development culture as a means (among others) of addressing disproportionate numbers of women and other target groups at lower levels. The development of an organisation depends greatly on its career development culture as it helps in addressing the key organisational aspects of productivity, competitiveness, affirmative action, and succession planning. It gives employees the ability to redefine their talents to realize the full potential of their jobs. This can be achieved by supervision and appraisal, and organizing a system of mentorship. A managed career development culture can be rewardfull to the employee in particular and the establishment in general. Moreover, Congers argument offers the means to accomplish the reasons why both management and workers want a career development culture.  In another development, Conger developed five strategies which employees need to recognise, create and follow a s career opportunities which are beyond the scope of this research (Conger, S. 2002). According to Eagly et al (2007), there are a host of limiting factors that stop or prevent women from advancing to or aspiring for senior level positions which include domestic obligations and child caring, disparity in pay and resistance to womens leadership, and suggestions were offered to organisations on account of career development in women (advancing women into higher-level roles). Establishments that handle and manage work and work related (employee family) issues well, and do not discriminate against pregnant or potentially pregnant employees, have a greater tendency to attract and retain the talented staff and at the same time enabling them especially the female staff to reach their full potential and hence greater dexterity in every particular employee is attained. As a result, a high degree of return to work rate for women after maternity leave is expected. According to McMaster, F (2005), the rate of returns (benefits) from developing women returners into leadership roles is significant. This was an approach taken by IBM Asia Pacific in relation to workplace flexibility. A statistical analysis drawn by the Australian Bureau of statistics, suggested that an estimated number of 118 Australians return to paid work when their child is aged 6 months or even younger. In a bid to work in accordance with National Health and Medical Research Council recommendations of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and World Health Organisation recommendations for ongoing breastfeeding to two years and beyond, workplace support is crucial (http://www.breastfeeding.asn.au/bfinfo/mfwp.html). As cited by Creagh et al (1998), three case studies were drawn from Sweden, Italy and the UK regarding flexible work practices. In their research, they were able to explore the advantages and disadvantages for both employers and employees. The research analysis suggested that flexible work practices can yield positive outcome if the required basic steps are followed. According to Sheridan et al (2000), a Human Resource Management model was developed and intended to be used to bridge the gap between employer and employee needs with regards to workplace flexibility. The model is intended to develop a process of change that reflects flexible work arrangements that is of mutual benefits to both employers and employees. Long term benefits can be achieved by the organisation when the full potential of the employees is realised. Kottke et al presented a paper that highlighted four key underlying processes for intervention to overcome the barriers women face in career development. These include;  Social cognitions, threat potential, justice perceptions, and how to utilise gender based initiatives.This findings suggest that an understanding of how social cognitions, perceptions of fairness, threat, and utility can individually and collectively impact the success or failure of programs to advance women, organizational leaders can develop and implement informed practices that are embraced by all members of the organization and which, consequently, further the advancement of all organizational members.These processes must be considered, followed and managed as part of the development, implementation and evaluation of initiatives targeting womens career development in a bid to achieve the desired goal.  Ã‚   Francis et al (2002) developed a paper in the construction industry that highlighted issues surrounding workers families that is equally relevant and applicable to other works of life. The paper outlined the need for the use of non-traditional management methods to cater for the increased number of women in the work force. Legal requirements and organisational performance were the reasons presented to justify why organisations should care about workers families. A number of initiatives that organisations in general can adopt and implement are then identified and described. According to Davey et al (1994), a research study was conducted that involved in depth interview of 16 women as well as completed and analysed questionnaires of a further 160 women who had taken maternity leave from one institution over an 8 year period.  The results obtained from analysis, offered an insight into who returns to work, what provisions and opportunities that encourage women to return and the benefits to the organization in providing these provisions. According to a research study conducted in Australia regarding circumstances surrounding pregnancy discrimination at work and progress to formal redress, 318 cases were explored of alleged workplace pregnancy discrimination which were reported to a community advocacy organisation

Disney Princess Pictures: Chores, Mirrors, and Chameleons Essay

Disney Princess Pictures: Chores, Mirrors, and Chameleons At the start of Walt Disney Pictures’ Tangled, a title card cataloging the feature as Walt Disney Animation Studio’s 50th Animated Motion Picture appeared. The studio’s first animated motion picture, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, premiered to audiences in 1937. Over this 73 year gap and 50-movie timeline, how has the Disney animated motion picture changed, or even so, not changed at all? Both features follow the tale of their respective heroine, Snow White in Snow White, and Rapunzel in Tangled. Snow White as Disney’s first princess is simple. Her high pitched voice allows for a feeling on innocence and naivety. Characterized in her opening song, â€Å"I’m Wishing,† Snow White fetches water out of a well while singing to her reflection. 73 years later, the princess has matured. Rapunzel, while still encompassing the traditional traits of a Disney princess, has some edge. She’s an adventure prone 17 year old who is curious about the world outside of her tower. Compared to Snow White’s â€Å"I’m Wishing†, Rapunzel’s opening song, â€Å"When will my Life Begin,† clearly demonstrates the maturity and complexity that the Disney leading lady now has in a new century. From Snow White to Cinderella to Sleeping Beauty, the early Disney princesses throughout the 1930s to 1950s have all focused heavily on cleaning and completing chores. For example, in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Snow Whites main duty and reason for being able to stay in the seven dwarfs cottage is that she will cook and clean constantly for the little men. In Tangled however, the first lines of the film put this stereotypical Princess cleaning pattern in the trash. Rapunzel begins her song, â€Å"When will m... ... purposes, both films achieve different tones for death and marketability. Available technologies during the time of the creation also influence how the picture looks and is represented, but not necessarily how the story is told. This right balance and blend of accepted traditions and drifts from the princess archetype, utilization of technology, and focuses on audience creates a perfect potion, making the Disney Animated Studios a jugunate in children’s animation for years to come. Works Cited Disney’s Tangled. Disney Enterprises, Inc., 2010. Web. 5 Dec. 2010. . Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Walt Disney Pictures, 1937. Film Tangled. Walt Disney Pictures, 2010. Film. Wojcik-Andrews, Ian. Children’s Films: History, Ideology, Pedagogy, Theory. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc, 2000. Print.

Beloved Paper: Supernatural

Beloved Essay: Supernatural A major part of the novel Beloved by Toni Morrison is the case of someone being haunted. The supernatural element pervades the novel. The characters are haunted by the past, because of the choices they’ve made and the things they’ve done. All of the characters were affected by slavery, but Sethe, Denver, and Paul D are haunted by the past that stretches and grasps them in 124. Beloved’s character is an obvious use of the supernatural. She’s like a vampire that sucks the soul, the heart, and the mind of her mother while draining the relationships that exists between Denver with Sethe and Sethe with Paul D.Sethe is the most dramatically haunted in the book. She is the one whose past is so horrible that it is inescapable. How can she escape the past when it is physically apart of her? She is the one who was permanently scarred by slavery both literally and figuratively. She has scars left from being whipped that she calls a â€Å" tree†. She describes it as â€Å"A chokecherry tree. Trunk, branches, and even leaves. Tiny little chokecherry leaves. But that was eighteen years ago. Could have cherries too now for all I know† (pg. 16). She is the one went through slavery and escaped it.She decided to murder her own child rather than allow her to be forced into slavery, because she had suffered so much from it. It is inclined that her past is represented on her back, meaning that it is something that is behind her, something she cannot see but knows that is there. Sethe knows that the past has attached itself to her but the haunting of it has not stopped growing. Sethe doesn’t seem to recognize that the haunting is physically with her the whole time, because it drains the life out of her. When Paul D enters Sethe’s life, he discovers a haunting of Sethe almost immediately.He walks into 124 and notices that there is an unwanted spirit in the house, â€Å"It was sad. Walking through it, a wave of grief soaked him so thoroughly he wanted to cry† (pg. 9). Paul D stopped Beloved’s haunting, in her spirit form, the first time by screaming â€Å"God damn it! Hush up! Leave the place alone! Get the Hell out! † (pg. 18). But Beloved is Sethe’s greatest haunt and it is when Beloved arrives in physical form that Sethe is forced to turn around and confront the past. The reversal of power from Sethe to Beloved is when Beloved started to become like a parasite to Sethe.The parasitic aspect of motherhood is amplified in this novel, like the way the fetus is a parasite to the mother’s uterus, sucking the life from and continues to nourish its body by taking the mother’s body and nutrients. Beloved is the supernatural representation of this. Her mind and actions speak as a child not an adult. She loves her mother and wants her all to herself like a little two year old child. She even loves Denver like a little sister, but she is also jealo us of her and the relationship she has with her mother and the fact that Denver survived and she didn’t.Beloved claims Sethe â€Å"I am Beloved and she is mine† (pg. 210). A typical two year old will do anything to get what she wanted, so Beloved â€Å"made demands. Anything she wanted she got, and when Sethe ran out of things to give her, Beloved invented desire† (pg. 240). Beloved has taken so much from Sethe that Sethe’s mental capacities decline because she has given up any thought of life other than focusing on taking care of Beloved and nothing else. Her own guilt had made it so easy for her to be entrapped by Beloved.The idea of Beloved leaving would crush her, as a result her greatest fear was â€Å"that Beloved might leave. That before Sethe could make her understand what it meant-what it took to drag the teeth of that saw under the little chin; to feel the baby blood pump like oil in her hands; to hold her face so her head would stay on†¦ † (pg. 251). Sethe didn’t do anything, can’t do anything except â€Å"those times when Beloved needed her†¦ she sat in the chair licking her lips like a chastised child while Beloved ate up her life, took it, swelled up with it, grew taller on it.And the older woman yielded it up without a murmur† (pg. 250) Towards the end of the novel, Beloved switched from being an innocent child who just wanted to be with her mother, she became an evil deceitful child who wants revenge from her mother for killing her. Sethe’s guiltiness made it that much easier for her to do so. When Paul D first showed up at the doorstep of 124, he seemed aware of the necessity of confronting the past in order to escape its grip. He tried to help Sethe forgive herself and she should feel safe about venturing â€Å"inside† her painful memories.When Beloved’s arrival forces Sethe to face the past and the memories began to consume her completely. The only way Set he can escape Beloved’s hold is only with the help of those around her. Denver tries to keep Sethe alive; the community helps to expel Beloved; Paul D supports Sethe by telling her that she, not her children, is her own best thing. The only way they can possibly enjoy the future together is to deal with the past. The supernatural aspect played a big role in the novel Beloved by Toni Morrison. The characters are haunted by their pasts, from the choices that they’ve made and the things that they’ve done.The characters wanted to forget the past and leave it all behind, because â€Å"this is not a story to pass on. † The narrator’s warning is intended to remind us that it is not easy to keep that history in our memory, but it is not helpful for us to remember it either. Forgetting the past could be done if there is nothing that will remind the person about it, but how can it be forgotten when the past is haunting you in the physical form? Sethe was luc ky the people around her helped her snap out of it and continue on with her life.

Mohatma Ghandi essays

Mohatma Ghandi essays HYPOHESIS- That Ghandis strengths were in being able to combat the unfairness of British rule and in temporarily unifuing a nation of very different people in opposition to the British in order to win independance for India and Pakistan. The country of India was the largest most prestigious possession within the British Empire. Up until World War one the British had never considered giving independence to India. There was a dramatic superior-inferior relationship between the British and the Indians. There was no strong sense of unity in India at this time. One man had the strength to combat the unfairness of British rule and temporarily unify this broken nation to achieve independence for the country. Mohandas Ghandi was a qualified solicitor, studied in London and had been practicing in South Africa where he represented Indian minority settlers. At forty six years of age Ghandi returned to India after WW1. Disgusted at the Rowlatt acts and the Armritsar Affair, Ghandi became determined to free India of both British rule and European influence. The Indian nationalist movement was strong within educated Indians but lacked support of the masses The illiterate Indian peasants were conditioned by centuries of hardship to endure misery and act in obedience to their overlords whoever they might be.(Cowie. p.40) It was almost impossible to influence, persuade or inspire them. Ghandi was the man who would do this. Affectionately given the name Mahatma (great soul), Ghandi condemned all things Western. He claimed true Indian nationalism involved a return to a simplistic peasant society of self supporting workers. To prove his belief to the country and show he was a man of the people he dressed like them, shared their poverty and their simplicity. By this he achieved a great emotional awakening among the masses. The effectiveness of Ghandis leadership by example was due to his ability to d...

Free Essays on World Poetry Essay On Tao Chien

such as: caught, harnessed, drove me, dust, and away when describing the world that he has grown to hate ever since leaving his mountain home. A harness is something that... Free Essays on World Poetry Essay On Ta'o Ch'ien Free Essays on World Poetry Essay On Ta'o Ch'ien Essay #1 I have decided to do a close reading on the poem â€Å"I RETURN TO THE PLACE I WAS BORN.† The poem is an Ancient Chinese poem by T’AO CH’IEN. In my essay I will unpack the poems meaning by the comments that the speaker makes throughout the poem and make an argument for what I feel the poem expresses and how the poem achieves expression. The first thing I will do is break the poem down section by section, the poem is not broken up into stanzas but I feel that the poem is however broken up into four different parts. The first section of the poem the speaker talks about two totally different periods of time in his life. From my youth up I never liked the city. I never forgot the mountains where I was born. The world caught me and harnessed me. And drove me through dust, thirty years away from home (T’AO CH’IEN, 2003, 25). The poem is very straightforward in its language, that is the language doesn’t trick the reader and allows the reader to get a clear picture of the speaker’s world with little confusion. The speaker in the first line is describing his dissatisfaction of the time that he has spent living in the city. The speaker then says that he has never forgot the mountains, never and mountains are key words in that sentence. Never meaning ever since the speaker has left the mountains, he has never forgotten them. The word never gives the reader a sense of how much the speaker thinks of the mountains where he was born. The word mountain shows how much the home of the speaker meant to him. Mountains usually stand above everything that surrounds them, which is what the speaker is saying the home where he was born stands above everything else in his life. The speaker then talks about the city, he uses the words such as: caught, harnessed, drove me, dust, and away when describing the worl d that he has grown to hate ever since leaving his mountain home. A harness is something that...

Complementary, Alternative, and integrative Medicine Paper Essay

Complementary, Alternative, and integrative Medicine Paper - Essay Example An ancient CAM is Ayurveda (science of life) which has been practiced in India since around 5000 years. It is based on the belief that there are broadly 3 body types, Kapha, Pitta and Vata, and an illness manifests itself if there is imbalance in the body. Diagnosis is done through monitoring the pulse and observing the tongue. Treatment involves diet restrictions, hatha yoga, breathing exercises and a prescription of herbal medicines. Allopathic Medicine in contrast lays stress on treating the symptoms like fever, cough etc and to kill pathogens which are believed to be the cause of illness. Here the medicine suppresses the natural response of our body to pathogens. Thus the two streams cannot be compared as they are based on different philosophies, one tries to regain body's natural balance and the other overrides the nature of the body to cure. Whole Medical Systems-These are believed to have developed earlier than conventional medicine and are complete systems in theory and practice e.g. homeopathic, naturopathic, ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine. The philosophy and healing techniques are varied and are described briefly above.

Social Media in Meaningful Ways Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words - 1

Social Media in Meaningful Ways - Assignment Example In conclusion, recommendations are made on how learners can make meaningful use of social media.All kinds of media play crucial roles in our modern world. Whether newspapers, radio, television or more recently web-based systems, they all they reflect the culture they are in, but they also help to shape that culture. The work of Marshall McLuhan in the middle of the twentieth century helped us to understand that the way we relate to these media is also in itself a valuable aspect of our culture. One can think of traditional uses of media like sending a postcard or making a phone call to one’s mother on her birthday. Often it is not what we say that is of value, so much as the fact that we choose to make contact via a particular medium. Media change the way we interact with the world and with each other. This is what McLuhan means with statements like â€Å"the medium is the message† (MacLuhan, 1964, pp. 7-21). His work has focussed attention on how the use of technology changes our understanding of the world. With concepts like â€Å"the global village† and â€Å"surfing the electronic waves† he anticipated the information age and reflected on what it means for mankind to be using all sorts of new technology. MacLuhan would not be surprised to note that the information superhighways are littered with tweets and chat conversations that contain little more than formulas like â€Å"Hi, what are you doing, I am on the bus, See you later.† The fact and frequency of communicating are what is important, and the way it builds relationships at a distance, not the actual message that is conveyed. MacLuhan even thought about the implications of cyberspace and virtual reality before these phenomena came into being. Students can be overwhelmed when there are too many choices and can be confused by material that is too difficult. Fortunately, the learner is not alone in his or her journey,   because social media like YouTube and Facebook p rovide a band of fellow travelers ready to help in any voyage of discovery. Sensible use of social media opens a door to truly collaborative learning, and so long as educators and students alike are able to open their minds to new ways of locating information, ways which permit collaboration instead of solo study methods, the benefits of using social media for educational purposes will be immense.